Development questions

Can we make a synchronous web service callout directly from a trigger? Why or why not?

No. Salesforce does not allow synchronous callouts from a trigger: the transaction holds database locks while uncommitted, and a slow external call would keep them open and hurt the platform. You get an error like Callout from triggers are currently not supported.

Make the callout asynchronously with @future(callout=true) or a Queueable class implementing Database.AllowsCallouts, called from the trigger or its handler.

apex-triggertriggercallout